from datetime import datetime
import re

def extract_date_from_string(string_with_date):
    # grab X.Y.Z where X,Y,Z are 1–4 digits
    m = re.search(r'(\d{1,4}\.\d{1,2}\.\d{1,4})', string_with_date)
    if not m:
        return None

    date_str = m.group(1)
    parts = date_str.split('.')
    
    # 1) Unambiguous “last group = YYYY”
    if len(parts) == 3 and len(parts[2]) == 4:
        fmt = '%d.%m.%Y'

    # 2) Unambiguous “first group = YYYY”
    elif len(parts) == 3 and len(parts[0]) == 4:
        fmt = '%Y.%m.%d'

    # 3) Ambiguous “XX.XX.XX” → prefer DD.MM.YY, fallback to YY.MM.DD
    elif len(parts) == 3 and all(len(p) == 2 for p in parts):
        # try last-group-as-year first
        try:
            dt = datetime.strptime(date_str, '%d.%m.%y')
            return dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
        except ValueError:
            # fallback to first-group-as-year
            fmt = '%y.%m.%d'

    else:
        # optional: handle ISO with dashes
        if '-' in date_str:
            try:
                dt = datetime.strptime(date_str, '%Y-%m-%d')
                return dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
            except ValueError:
                return None
        return None

    # parse with whichever fmt we settled on
    try:
        dt = datetime.strptime(date_str, fmt)
        return dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
    except ValueError:
        return None